Occurs when bowel movements become less frequent ( fewer than three bowel movements a week) and stool becomes difficult to pass. It happens most often due to changes in diet or routine, inadequate intake of fibre, physical inactivity and certain medication side effects.

A doctor should be consulted if it lasts longer than 3 weeks or have severe persistent pain/ bloating or passing blood in stools. A colonoscopic examination is recommended for further evaluation in such cases.

Treatment includes a combination of dietary/ lifestyle modifications and medications